The Truth About Smelling Salts: Uses, Effects, and Safety

Smelling salts have made their way from the early days of Victorian fainting remedies to modern-day sports arenas, weightlifting platforms, and even emergency first-aid kits. But what exactly are they, what do they feel like, and are they safe? Let’s break down the essentials you need to know.

What Are Smelling Salts?

Smelling salts are a combination of ammonium carbonate and water, which release ammonia gas when activated. This gas is what creates the sharp, pungent smell that jolts you into a heightened state of alertness. While ammonia can be found in nature—often as a byproduct of decomposing organic material—the version used in smelling salts is synthesized and formulated specifically for stimulating the senses.

What Do Smelling Salts Feel Like?

Imagine a sharp, sudden shock to your nose and head. That’s what using smelling salts feels like. The moment you inhale the ammonia gas, your nasal passages are hit with an intense, burning sensation that can make your eyes water and force you to take a sudden, deep breath. The response is almost primal—your body jumps into a state of immediate alertness, your heart rate may pick up, and your mind shifts from any fog or fatigue to full attention.

This is why athletes often use smelling salts before heavy lifts or high-intensity efforts. The burst of alertness can momentarily override fatigue or hesitation, giving them that last push to tackle the challenge ahead.

Are Smelling Salts Safe?

While smelling salts can be safe when used occasionally and responsibly, there are important safety considerations to keep in mind.

Short-Term Use:

For most healthy individuals, occasional use of smelling salts poses minimal risk. The immediate response—a rapid jolt in alertness—can be beneficial in specific scenarios, like reviving someone who has fainted or giving an athlete a quick mental boost.

Potential Risks:

However, frequent or improper use can lead to problems:

• Irritation: Regular or excessive exposure to ammonia gas can irritate the nasal passages, throat, and lungs, potentially causing coughing or a burning sensation.

• Psychological Dependence: Using smelling salts frequently, particularly in competitive sports, can create a reliance where athletes feel they need them for optimal performance.

• Heart and Blood Pressure Concerns: The sudden stimulation can cause an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, posing risks for individuals with pre-existing heart conditions.

• Respiratory Issues: Those with asthma or other respiratory conditions may find that smelling salts exacerbate their symptoms, making it difficult to breathe.

Best Practices for Using Smelling Salts:

• Distance Matters: Hold the smelling salts at least a few inches away from your nose. Holding them too close can intensify the reaction and cause discomfort.

• Occasional Use Only: Limit use to situations where a quick boost is genuinely needed. Avoid making them a regular part of your training or daily routine.

• Consult a Professional: If you have any concerns about heart conditions or respiratory issues, consult a healthcare professional before using smelling salts.

Final Thoughts:

Smelling salts can be a powerful tool for stimulating the senses and regaining alertness, but they come with caveats. Occasional, responsible use is key. For athletes, first responders, and anyone considering their use, understanding the risks and benefits can ensure they remain a safe, effective option in your toolkit.